Emerging Carbapenem-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates Carrying blaIMP Among Burn Patients in Isfahan, Iran

Authors

1 Trauma Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR Iran

2 Faculty of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR Iran

3 Faculty of Health, Department of Epidemiology, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR Iran

4 Department of Microbiology, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, IR Iran

5 Department of Genetic, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, IR Iran

6 University of Maryland College Park, Maryland, United States of America

10.5812/atr.33664

Abstract

Background
Metallo-β-lactamase (MBL)-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a significant pathogen in burn patients.


Objectives
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa isolates, including those resistant to imipenemase (IMP), in a burn unit in Isfahan, Iran.


Patients and Methods
One hundred and fifty P. aeruginosa isolates from burn patients were tested for antibiotic susceptibility by the disc diffusion method in accordance with CLSI guidelines. Production of MBL was identified with the EDTA disk method. DNA was purified from the MBL-positive isolates, and detection of the blaIMP gene was performed with PCR.


Results
Fifty-seven out of 150 (38%) isolates were multi-drug resistant (MDR), and 93 (62%) were extensively-drug resistant (XDR). Among all isolates, the resistance rate to ciprofloxacin, tobramycin, imipenem, meropenem, amikacin, ceftazidime, and cefepime was higher than 90%, while the resistance rates to piperacillin/tazobactam and aztreonam were 70.7% and 86%, respectively. Colistin and polymyxin B remained the most effective studied antibiotics. All of the imipenem-resistant P. aeruginosa isolates were MBL-positive, and 107 out of 144 (74.3%) of the MBL isolates were positive for the blaIMP gene.


Conclusions
The results of this study show that the rate of P. aeruginosa-caused burn wound infections was very high, and many of the isolates were resistant to three or more classes of antimicrobials. Such extensive resistance to antimicrobial classes is important because few treatment options remain for patients with burn wound infections. blaIMP-producing P. aeruginosa isolates are a rising threat in burn-care units, and should be controlled by conducting infection-control assessments.

Keywords