Kashan University of Medical SciencesArchives of Trauma Research2251-953X4120150301Mental Health Status of Patients With Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Admitted to Shahid Beheshti Hospital of Kashan, Iran6219610.5812/atr.17629ENEsmaeil FakharianTrauma Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR IranAbdollah OmidiDepartment of Clinical Psychology, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR IranElham ShafieiTrauma Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR IranArash NademiDepartment of Statistics, Ilam Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ilam, IR IranJournal Article19700101Background
Planning for providing mental health services to the mentally patients due to brain injury need awareness of mental health status of the patient.
Objectives
This study aimed to assess the mental health of patients with mild TBI.
Patients and Methods
The descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on 286 patients with mild TBI who were admitted to department of neurosurgery of Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Kashan, Iran, during the first eight months of 2013. Enrolled patients were 15 to 70 years old who able to respond to questionnaires. The Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) questionnaire is used to assess the mental health status of the patients. The data were presented using logistic regression and descriptive statistics.
Results
A total of 286 patients, 79.7% males and 20.3% females with male to female ratio of 4:1, completed the study. Female had significantly higher Global Severity Index (GSI) compared to males. There was a significant association between, psychologic disorders’ symptoms and age (P = 0.00). The mean (SD) of GSI on the Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90) was 1.39 (0.58).
Conclusions
This study showed that 36% of the patients with mild TBI symptoms had mental health problems. Given the high rates of psychologic disorders among patients with mild TBI, it is necessary to reduce the factors that caused the disorder.Kashan University of Medical SciencesArchives of Trauma Research2251-953X4120150301The Relationship Between Serum Levels of Interleukins 6, 8, 10 and Clinical Outcome in Patients With Severe Traumatic Brain Injury6219710.5812/atr.18357ENSharhokh Yousefzadeh-ChabokNeurosurgery Department, Guilan Road Trauma Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, IR IranAnoush Dehnadi MoghaddamAnesthesiology Department, Guilan Road Trauma Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, IR IranEhsan Kazemnejad-LeiliBiostatistics Department,Guilan Road Trauma Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, IR IranZahra SaneeiGuilan Road Trauma Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, IR IranMarieh HosseinpourGuilan Road Trauma Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, IR IranLeila Kouchakinejad-EramsadatiHuman Resource Management, Guilan Road Trauma Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, IR IranAlireza RazzaghiGuilan Road Trauma Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, IR IranZahra Mohtasham-AmiriGuilan Road Trauma Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, IR IranJournal Article19700101Background
Clinical outcome in patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) depends on both primary and secondary brain injuries. Neuroinflammation is an important secondary mechanism, which occurs by releasing interleukins (ILs). Increased levels of ILs may affect clinical outcome following TBI.
Objectives
This study aimed to determine the relationship between the serum levels of interleukins 6, 8 and 10 and clinical outcome in patients with severe TBI 6 months after injury.
Patients and Methods
In a descriptive-analytical study, 44 patients with GCS ≤ 8 (Glasgow coma scale) and age ≥ 14 years were included. Their blood samples were collected at first 6 hours after injury. Clinical outcome was determined based on GOS (Glasgow Outcome Scale) at 6 months after head injury. Serum levels of interleukins 6, 8 and 10 were measured using the ELISA method. Spearman's rho, independent T-Test, and Mann-Whitney Test were used for data analysis.
Results
Comparing the serum levels of interleukins in two groups with favorable and unfavorable clinical outcomes showed that the mean serum levels of interleukins 6 and 8 in group with favorable outcome was 85.2 ± 51.6 and 52.2 ± 31.9, respectively lower than those of group with unfavorable outcome with 162.3 ± 141.1 and 173.6 ± 257.3 (P < 0.03) and (P < 0.01).
Conclusions
Increased serum levels of interleukins 6 and 8 as a predictive marker might be associated with unfavorable clinical outcome in patients with severe TBI.Kashan University of Medical SciencesArchives of Trauma Research2251-953X4120150301Functional Outcome of Distal Radius Fractures Managed by Barzullah Working Classification6219810.5812/atr.20056ENYounis KamalPost Graduate Department of Orthopedics, Bone and Joint Hospital, GMC Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, IndiaHayat Ahmad KhanPost Graduate Department of Orthopedics, Bone and Joint Hospital, GMC Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, IndiaMunir FarooqPost Graduate Department of Orthopedics, Bone and Joint Hospital, GMC Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, IndiaNaseemul GaniPost Graduate Department of Orthopedics, Bone and Joint Hospital, GMC Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, IndiaAnsar Ul Haq LonePost Graduate Department of Orthopedics, Bone and Joint Hospital, GMC Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, IndiaAdil Bashir ShahPost Graduate Department of Orthopedics, Bone and Joint Hospital, GMC Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, IndiaIrfan Ahmad LattoPost Graduate Department of Orthopedics, Bone and Joint Hospital, GMC Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, IndiaMohammad Ashraf KhanPost Graduate Department of Orthopedics, Bone and Joint Hospital, GMC Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, IndiaJournal Article19700101Background
Management of distal radius fractures (DRFs) is still controversial and may be influenced by the initial fracture classification. Even though numerous classification systems have been proposed in this regard, the evaluation and management of this fracture has remained problematic.
Objectives
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the functional outcome of DRF managed on the basis of a new classification. This classification named as Barzullah Working Classification represents a modification of Melone classification, which is based on fracture stability.
Patients and Methods
A total of 310 DRFs of patients skeletally matured referred to a tertiary care hospital at a period of 18 months were classified as per the new classification system into four types; metaphyseal stable, metaphyseal unstable, radiocarpal stable, and radiocarpal unstable fractures. They were managed and followed over a mean period of 15.10 ± 5.4 months, and the results were recorded at the final follow-up.
Results
The mean age of the patients was 51.22 ± 20.58 years. Most of the patients were females (n=189, 64.19%). The minimal follow up was 6 months with a mean of 15.10 ± 5.4 months. Mean mayo wrist scores were 95 ± 4, 80 ± 7.4, 75 ± 7.4, and 70 ± 6.9, for stable metaphyseal fractures, unstable metaphyseal radial, stable radiocarpal fractures and unstable radiocarpal fractures, respectively. The overall mean mayo wrist functional score was 80.58 ± 12.3 (good results) at final follow up.
Conclusions
Various modalities of treatment used differentially in different types of DRFs based on the Barzullah Working Classification give good results in spite of conflicting literature.Kashan University of Medical SciencesArchives of Trauma Research2251-953X4120150301Persuasive Discourse Impairments in Traumatic Brain Injury6219910.5812/atr.21473ENZahra GhayoumiDepartment of Speech Therapy, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation, Tehran, IR IranFariba YadegariDepartment of Speech Therapy, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation, Tehran, IR IranBehrooz Mahmoodi-BakhtiariDepartment of Performing Arts, University of Tehran, Tehran, IR IranEsmaeil FakharianTrauma Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR IranMehdi RahgozarDepartment of Biostatistics and Computer, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation, Tehran, IR IranMaryam RasouliDepartment of Pediatrics, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR IranJournal Article19700101Background
Considering the cognitive and linguistic complexity of discourse production, it is expected that individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI) should face difficulties in this task. Therefore, clinical examination of discourse has become a useful tool for studying and assessment of communication skills of people suffering from TBI. Among different genres of discourse, persuasive discourse is considered as a more cognitively demanding task. However, little is known about persuasive discourse in individuals suffering from TBI.
Objectives
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance of adults with TBI on a task of spoken persuasive discourse to determine the impaired linguistic measures.
Patients and Methods
Thirteen TBI nonaphasic Persian speaking individuals, ranged between 19 to 40 years (Mean = 25.64 years; SD = 6.10) and 59 healthy adults matched by age, were asked to perform the persuasive discourse task. The task included asking the participants to express their opinion on a topic, and after the analysis of the produced discourse, the two groups were compared on the basis of their language productivity, sentential complexity, maze ratio and cohesion ratio.
Results
The TBI group produced discourses with less productivity, sentential complexity, cohesion ratio and more maze ratio compared the control group.
Conclusions
As it is important to consider acquired communication disorders particularly discourse impairment of brain injured patients along with their other clinical impairments and regarding the fact that persuasive discourse is crucial in academic and social situations, the persuasive discourse task presented in this study could be a useful tool for speech therapists, intending to evaluate communication disorders in patients with TBI.Kashan University of Medical SciencesArchives of Trauma Research2251-953X4120150301Anterior Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome With Thrombosed Dorsalis Pedis Artery: A Case Report6220010.5812/atr.21738ENNaseemul GaniDepartment of orthopedics, Govt hospital for bone and joint surgery Barzullah, Srinager, IndiaHayat Ahmad KhanDepartment of orthopedics, Govt hospital for bone and joint surgery Barzullah, Srinager, IndiaYounis KamalDepartment of orthopedics, Govt hospital for bone and joint surgery Barzullah, Srinager, IndiaMunir FarooqDepartment of orthopedics, Govt hospital for bone and joint surgery Barzullah, Srinager, IndiaHina JeelaniDepartment of orthopedics, Govt hospital for bone and joint surgery Barzullah, Srinager, IndiaAdil Bashir ShahDepartment of orthopedics, Govt hospital for bone and joint surgery Barzullah, Srinager, IndiaJournal Article19700101Introduction
The aanterior tarsal tunnel syndrome denotes the entrapment of the deep peroneal nerve under the inferior extensor retinaculum. Although various etiological factors have been reported to cause anterior tarsal syndrome, its occurrence with thrombosed dorsalis pedis artery has not been reported in the English literature.
Case Presentation
A 40 -year-old male patient was presented with the history of persistent pain along the dorsal surface of right foot, which was aggravated with the activities. Conservative management was tried without much relief. Diagnosis of anterior tarsal tunnel syndrome was made and the patient was planned for surgery. Thrombosed dorsalis pedis artery was found along with two adjacent collateral vessels. Retinaculum was released and nerve was mobilized. Tight compartment got released. Postoperative period was uneventful. No recurrence was seen on follow-up.
Conclusion
The anterior tarsal tunnel syndrome is a known disease. A high index of clinical suspicion is required while dealing with the chronic cases. A detailed history to rule out any traumatic event is necessary too. Timely investigations and surgical release give dramatic relief.Kashan University of Medical SciencesArchives of Trauma Research2251-953X4120150301Seat Belt Usage in Injured Car Occupants: Injury Patterns, Severity and Outcome After Two Main Car Accident Mechanisms in Kashan, Iran, 20126220110.5812/atr.22203ENMahdi MohammadzadehTrauma Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR IranMohammad ParavarTrauma Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR IranAzadeh Sadat MirzadehTrauma Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR IranJavad MohammadzadehTrauma Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR IranSoroush MahdianDentistry School, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, IR IranJournal Article19700101Background
Road traffic accidents (RTAs) are the main public health problems in Iran. The seat belts, which are vehicle safety devices, are imperative to reduce the risk of severe injuries and mortality.
Objectives
The aim of the study was to evaluate injury patterns, severity and outcome among belted and unbelted car occupants who were injured in car accidents.
Patients and Methods
This cross-sectional prospective study was performed on all car occupants injured in RTAs (n = 822) who were transported to hospital and hospitalized for more than 24 hours from March 2012 to March 2013. Demographic profile of the patients, including age, gender, position in the vehicle, the use of seat belts, type of car crashes, injured body regions, revised trauma score (RTS), Glasgow coma score (GCS), duration of hospital stay and mortality rate were analyzed by descriptive analysis, chi-square and independent t-test. P < 0.05 was considered significant.
Results
A total of 560 patients used seat belts (68.1%). The unbelted occupants were younger (28 years vs. 38 years) and had more frequently sustained head, abdomen and multiple injuries (P = 0.01, P = 0.01 and P = 0.009, respectively). Also, these patients had significantly lower GCS and elongated hospitalization and higher death rate (P = 0.001, P = 0.001 and P = 0.05, respectively). Tendency of severe head trauma and low RTS and death were increased in unbelted occupants in car rollover accident mechanisms (P = 0.001, P = 0.01 and P = 0.008, respectively).
Conclusions
During car crashes, especially car rollover, unbelted occupants are more likely to sustain multiple severe injuries and death. Law enforcement of the seat belt usage for all occupants (front and rear seat) is obligatory to reduce severe injuries sustained as a result of car accidents, especially in vehicles with low safety.Kashan University of Medical SciencesArchives of Trauma Research2251-953X4120150301The Economic Burden of Traumatic Brain Injury Due to Fatal Traffic Accidents in Shahid Rajaei Trauma Hospital, Shiraz, Iran6220210.5812/atr.22594ENZahra KavosiSocial Determinants of Health Research Center, School of Management and Information Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IR IranAbdosaleh JafariHealth Economics Department, School of Management and Medical Information, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IR IranNahid HatamSchool of Management and Medical Information, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IR IranMeysam EnaamiStudent Research Committee, School of Management and Medical Information, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IR IranJournal Article19700101Background
Traumatic Brain Injuries (TBIs) as a result of traffic accidents are one of the major causes of deaths, which lead to the loss of individuals’ productive and working years of life.
Objectives
This study aimed to calculate the economic burden of traumatic brain injuries in fatal crashes at Shahid Rajaei Trauma Hospital, Shiraz, Iran for a period of five years.
Patients and Methods
In this descriptive, cross-sectional study the population included people who had died as a result of TBIs during 2009 to 2013 in Shiraz Shahid Rajaei Trauma Hospital. Cost and demographic data were obtained from the participants’ medical records using data gathering forms, and some other information was also collected via telephone calls to the victims’ families. Economic burden of TBIs due to traffic accidents, which led to death, was estimated using the human capital as direct costs of treatment, and the number of potential years of life lost and lost productivity as indirect costs.
Results
Deaths resulting from TBIs due to traffic accidents in Shiraz imposed 6.2 billion Rials (511000 USD) of hospital costs, 6390 potential years of life lost, and 506 billion Rials (20 million USD) of productivity lost. In the present study, the mean age of the individuals who died was 38.4 ± 19.41 and the productivity lost per capita was 1.8 billion Rials (73000 USD).
Conclusions
The findings of this study indicated that the economic burden of TBIs was high in fatal accidents in Fars Province so that it was equivalent to 0.00011% of Iran’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in 2013. Therefore, more attention has to be paid to the rules to prevent the fatal accidents.Kashan University of Medical SciencesArchives of Trauma Research2251-953X4120150301Incidence of Neonatal Birth Injuries and Related Factors in Kashan, Iran6220310.5812/atr.22831ENMasoumeh Abedzadeh-KalahroudiTrauma Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR IranAhmad TalebianTrauma Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR IranMohammad JahangiriTrauma Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR IranElaheh MesdaghiniaTrauma Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR IranMahdi MohammadzadehTrauma Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR IranJournal Article19700101Background
Birth injuries are defined as the impairment of neonatal body function due to adverse events that occur at birth and can be avoidable or inevitable. Despite exact prenatal care, birth trauma usually occurs, particularly in long and difficult labor or fetal malpresentations.
Objectives
This study aimed to investigate the incidence of birth injuries and their related factors in Kashan, Iran, during 2012-2013.
Patients and Methods
In this cross-sectional study, all live-born neonates in the hospitals of Kashan City were assessed prospectively by a checklist included demographic variables (maternal age, weight, and nationality), reproductive and labor variables (prenatal care, parity, gestational age, premature rupture of membrane (PROM), fetal heart rate (FHR) pattern, duration of PROM, induction of labor, fundal pressure, shoulder dystocia, fetal presentation, duration of second stage, type of delivery, and delivery attendance), and neonatal variables (sex, birth weight, height, head circumference, Apgar score, and neonatal trauma). Birth trauma was diagnosed based on pediatrician or resident examination and in some cases confirmed by paraclinic methods. Statistical analyses were performed by chi-square, student’s t-test, and multiple logistic regression analyses using SPSS version 17. P ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results
In this study, the incidence of birth trauma was 2.2%. Incidence of trauma was 3.6% in vaginal deliveries and 1.2% in cesarean sections (P < 0.0001). The most common trauma was cephalohematoma (57.2%) and then asphyxia (16.8%). In multiple logistic regression analyses, decreased fetal heart rate (FHR), fundal pressure, shoulder dystocia, vaginal delivery, male sex, neonatal weight, delivery by resident, induction of labor, and delivery in a teaching hospital were predictors of birth trauma.
Conclusions
Overall, incidence of birth trauma in Kashan City was lower in comparison with most studies. Considering existing risk factors, further monitoring on labor, and delivery management in teaching hospitals are recommended to prevent birth injuries. In addition, careful supervision on students and residents' training should be applied in teaching hospitals.Kashan University of Medical SciencesArchives of Trauma Research2251-953X4120150301Fall-Related Injuries in Community-Dwelling Older Adults in Qom Province, Iran, 2010-20126220410.5812/atr.22925ENHamid Reza GilasiDepartment of Epidemiology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR IranHamid SooriSafety Promotion and Injury Prevention Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR IranShahram YazdaniFaculty of Medical Education, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR IranParisa Taheri TenjaniDepartment of Internal Medicine, Ayatollah Taleghani Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR IranJournal Article19700101Background
Falls and related injuries are common health problems in the elderly. Fractures, brain and internal organ injuries and death are the common consequences of the falls, which result in dependence, decreased self-efficacy, fear of falling, depression, restricted daily activities, hospitalization and admission to the nursing home and impose costs on the individual and the society.
Objectives
The purpose of this study was to determine the types of fall-related injuries and the related risk factors in the elderly population of Qom province, Iran.
Patients and Methods
This retrospective study was performed on 424 elderly people (65 years and over) referred to Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Qom, Iran, due to falls between 2010 and 2012. The ICD-10 codes of external causes of injury from w00 to w19 related to falls were selected from the health information system of the hospital and demographic variables of the patients and external causes of falls were extracted after accessing the files of the patients. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 18 (SPSS Inc., USA). The duration of hospital stay and its relationship with underlying variables were investigated using t test and ANOVA. The level of significance was considered P < 0.05.
Results
Among 424 elderly people, 180 cases (42.45%) were male and the mean age of the patients was 78.65 ± 7.70 years. Fall on the same level from slipping, tripping, and stumbling was the most common external cause with 291 victims (68.60%), and hip fracture in 121 patients (29.00%), intertrochanteric fracture in 112 patients (26.90%), and traumatic brain injury in 51 patients (12.20%) were the most common causes of hospital stay. The mean hospital stay was 7.33 ± 3.63 days.
Conclusions
Lower limb fracture and traumatic brain injury were the most common causes of hospitalization, which resulted in the longest hospital stay and highest hospitalization costs in the elderly.Kashan University of Medical SciencesArchives of Trauma Research2251-953X4120150301The Transforming Face of Fracture Epidemiology: Our Concern6220510.5812/atr.24732ENHayat Ahmad KhanDepartment of Orthopaedics, Bone and Joints Hospital, Srinagar, IndiaJournal Article19700101Kashan University of Medical SciencesArchives of Trauma Research2251-953X4120150301Types and Causalities in Dead Patients Due to Traumatic Injuries6220610.5812/atr.26028ENMahnaz YadollahiTrauma Research Center, Shahid Rajaee Trauma Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IR IranShahram PaydarTrauma Research Center, Shahid Rajaee Trauma Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IR IranGolnar Sabetianfard JahromiDepartment of Anesthesiology, Faghihi Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IR IranHosseinali KhaliliDepartment of Neurosurgery, Nemazee Teaching Hospital, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IR IranSamie EtemadiTrauma Research Center, Shahid Rajaee Trauma Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IR IranHamidreza AbbasiTrauma Research Center, Shahid Rajaee Trauma Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IR IranShahram BolandparvazTrauma Research Center, Shahid Rajaee Trauma Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IR IranJournal Article19700101Background
Trauma constitutes a major public health problem in our country and contributes significantly to unacceptably high morbidity and mortality.
Objectives
This study aimed to evaluate the epidemiology of trauma in dead patients referred to Shahid Rajaee Trauma Hospital, Shiraz, Iran.
Patients and Methods
In a cross-sectional study, all patients with trauma admitted to our center were enrolled between March 2011 and February 2012. Age, gender, months of referring, causalities, and injured body parts of the victims were extracted from the data registry and analyzed.
Results
A total of 9113 patients, including 7163 (78.6%) males and 1950 (21.4%) females were evaluated. Among them, 479 patients (5.3%) had died. There was a significant difference between the age of alive and dead patients (35.70 ± 0.18 and 45.44 ± 1.01 years, respectively (P < 0.001)). In addition, dead men had significantly higher percentage than alive men (83.7% and 78.3%, respectively, P = 0.005). The highest percentages of men and women who referred to our center and died were in September. Crashing by car had the most frequency of dead (247 cases) in referred patients and motorcycle accident, stabbing, and falling related injuries with 67, 36 and 26 dead cases were in the next ranks. Thorax injury had the most frequency between dead patients (53.2% of all dead) and the intracranial injury and trauma to extremities altogether were in the next ranks, which constituted more than 18.8% of all dead.
Conclusions
Our data demonstrated that car and motorcycle accidents are the most important cause of trauma and thorax trauma had the most frequency among dead patients. Epidemiological evaluations and preventive measures such as this study should be conducted to provide valuable data.Kashan University of Medical SciencesArchives of Trauma Research2251-953X4120150301Bilateral Symptomatic Discoid Medial Meniscus of the Knee: A Case Report and Review of Literature6220710.5812/atr.27115ENSunil Gurpur KiniPeter WalkerDepartment of Orthopedics, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, AustraliaWarwick BruceDepartment of Orthopedics, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, AustraliaJournal Article19700101Introduction
A discoid medial meniscus is a rare pathology of the knee joint, and is even rarer when it presents bilaterally with clinical symptoms.
Case Presentation
We present the case of a 38-year-old female with symptomatic bilateral discoid medial meniscus. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) showed complete discoid meniscus in one knee and incomplete, on the other side. The MRI findings were confirmed on arthroscopy, with horizontal cleavage tear in both knees. Arthroscopic partial meniscectomies of both menisci were performed.
Conclusions
The patient had an excellent functional outcome at the most recent follow-up, with no recurrence of symptoms and full range of movements.Kashan University of Medical SciencesArchives of Trauma Research2251-953X4120150301Establishing an Integrated Trauma System in Iran: The Time of Translating Information into Action6220810.5812/atr.28117ENMehrdad MahdianTrauma Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR IranJournal Article19700101Kashan University of Medical SciencesArchives of Trauma Research2251-953X4120150301Epidemiological Pattern of Bullying Among School Children in Mazandaran Province, Iran6220910.5812/atr.28500ENJournal Article19700101