Kashan University of Medical SciencesArchives of Trauma Research2251-953X1220120801Evaluation and Importance of Trauma6209310.5812/atr.7245ENAkbar BehdadDepartment of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IR IranJournal Article19700101Kashan University of Medical SciencesArchives of Trauma Research2251-953X1220120801Frequency of Sports Trauma in Elite National Level Greco-Roman Wrestling Competitions5136209410.5812/atr.6866ENAli AkbarnejadCollege of Physical Education, University of Tehran, Tehran, IR IranMansour SayyahTrauma Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR IranJournal Article19700101Background
Trauma is an inescapable part of sports competitions. It occurs more frequently in contact sports such as wrestling.
Objectives
The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of injury in Greco-Roman style wrestling competitions at national level.
Patients and Methods
This descriptive epidemiological research included 50 Greco-Roman style wrestlers who participated in national level competitions between the years 2003 and 2008. A questionnaire was completed by each participant, itincluded; the number of injuries to skin, muscle tissue, bones and joints. The reliability of the instrument was evaluated by a test – retest method (r = 0.83, P = 0.0001).
Results
The most frequent injuries encountered by the wrestlers were; skin lesions (62%), followed by muscle (22%), bone (9%) and joint (7%) injuries, respectively.
Conclusions
Greco-Roman style wrestlers are at high risk of skin injuries.Therefore, they need appropriate instructions on how to avoid injuries and adequate care after their competitions.Kashan University of Medical SciencesArchives of Trauma Research2251-953X1220120801Chest Injury Evaluation and Management in Two Major Trauma Centers of Isfahan Province, IR Iran5476209510.5812/atr.6542ENMahdi MohammadzadehTrauma Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR IranMehrdad HosseinpourTrauma Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR IranAzadeh Sadat MirzadehTrauma Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR IranHoda JazayeriTrauma Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR IranMohammad Ghannaee AraniTrauma Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR IranJournal Article19700101Background:
Chest trauma is responsible for 50% of deaths due to trauma. This kind of death usually occurs immediately after the trauma has occurred.
Objectives:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the various aspects of chest trauma in patients admitted to two main trauma centers located in the Isfahan Province, Iran.
Patients and Methods:
During a six month period, a cross-sectional study of 100 patients who had sustained a chest injury was carried out. Data, including; age, sex, time of accident, trauma mechanism, organ injury, hospitalization length, complications, and patient outcomes were recorded and analyzed.
Results:
The mean ages of the patients were 24.7 ± 3.1 years. Men were injured four times more often than the women. Blunt trauma was the most common type of injury. The incidence of hemothorax was 38% in blunt traumas, and 45% (P = 0.01) in penetrating ones. The incidence of pneumothorax was 43% in blunt traumas and 20% in penetrating ones (P = 0.03). The length of hospitalization was 7.2 ± 3.2 days for blunt and 10.1 ± 3.1 days for penetrating chest traumas. Five patients (5%) died during hospitalization, three of those deaths were due to arterial injuries and two cases were due to lung contusions.
Conclusions:
Since hemothorax is the main complication of blunt chest trauma in young men, we recommend that special consideration needs to be made to any case of chest trauma, especially blunt chest injuries.Kashan University of Medical SciencesArchives of Trauma Research2251-953X1220120801Correlation of End-Tidal Carbon Dioxide with Arterial Carbon Dioxide in Mechanically Ventilated Patients58626209610.5812/atr.6444ENEbrahim RaziTrauma Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences,, Kashan, , IR IranGholam Abbass MoosaviTrauma Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences,, Kashan, , IR IranKeivan OmidiTrauma Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences,, Kashan, , IR IranAshkan Khakpour SaebiTrauma Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences,, Kashan, , IR IranArmin RaziFaculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, , Tehran,, IR IranJournal Article19700101Background:
Patients undergone mechanical ventilation need rapid and reliable evaluation of their respiratory status. Monitoring of End-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2) as a surrogate, noninvasive measurement of arterial carbon dioxide (PaCO2) is one of the methods used for this purpose in intubated patients.
Objectives:
The aim of the present trial was to study the relationship between end-tidal CO2 tensions with PaCO2 measurements in mechanically ventilated patients.
Materials and Methods:
End-tidal carbon dioxide levels were recorded at the time of arterial blood gas sampling. Patients who were undergoing one of the mechanical ventilation methods such as: synchronized mandatory mechanical ventilation (SIMV), continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and T-Tube were enrolled in this study. The difference between ETCO2 and PaCO2 was tested with a paired t-test. The correlation of end-tidal carbon dioxide to (ETCO2) CO2 was obtained in all patients.
Results:
A total of 219 arterial blood gases were obtained from 87 patients (mean age, 71.7 ± 15.1 years). Statistical analysis demonstrated a good correlation between the mean of ETCO2 and PaCO2 in each of the modes of SIMV, CPAP and T-Tube; SIMV (42.5 ± 17.3 and 45.8 ± 17.1; r = 0.893, P < 0.0001), CPAP (37 ± 9.7 and 39.4 ± 10.1; r = 0.841, P < 0.0001) and T-Tube (36.1 ± 9.9 and 39.4 ± 11; r = 0.923, P < 0.0001), respectively.
Conclusions:
End-tidal CO2 measurement provides an accurate estimation of PaCO2 in mechanically ventilated patients. Its use may reduce the need for invasive monitoring and/or repeated arterial blood gas analyses.Kashan University of Medical SciencesArchives of Trauma Research2251-953X1220120801Demographic Profiles of Adult Trauma During a 5 Year Period (2007-2011) in Kashan, IR Iran63666209710.5812/atr.6770ENMohammad Reza FazelTrauma Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, , Kashan, IR IranEsmaeil FakharianTrauma Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, , Kashan, IR IranMehrdad MahdianTrauma Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, , Kashan, IR IranMahdi MohammadzadehTrauma Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, , Kashan, IR IranLadan SalehfardTrauma Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, , Kashan, IR IranMaryam RamezaniTrauma Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, , Kashan, IR IranJournal Article19700101Background
Trauma, in addition to mortality and disability experienced by an individual, imposes direct and indirect economic and social costs on a community. Traditionally, trauma is a disease of young and middle age adults, an age group which is known to be the most dynamic and economically productive of the community. Increasing our knowledge concerning the etiology and patterns of trauma seems to be the most profitable and accessible way to prevent injuries of this nature.
Objectives
This study was designed to evaluate the epidemiology of adult trauma in Kashan, Iran.
Patients and Methods
The current study used a retrospective cross-sectional approach, enrolling all trauma adults (20 - 60 y) admitted to the Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Kashan, between 2007 and 2011. Age, gender, place of residence, work status, educational level, urban/rural location of the accident, method of transportation to hospital, injured body areas of the victims and therapeutic interventions, were extracted from the data registry and analyzed through descriptive statistics using SPSS software.
Results
A total of 22 564 patients were included in this study. Mean age of the victims was 33.18 ± 10.90 years and the male/female ratio was 4:1. Most of the victims were manual workers (61%), and they had completed primary and junior high school level education (49.4%), they were also more likely to be residents of urban areas (88.6%). Regarding the place of injury, most accidents occurred on city streets (43.8%). Approximately 40% of the total victims were transferred to the hospital by emergency medical services (EMS). During the study period, 260 deaths were recorded and among these, 76% were related to traffic accidents.
Conclusions
Regarding the high prevalence of trauma found in manual workers with low educational levels and motorbike users, the establishment of an integrated program aimed at improving public knowledge on the use of safety and protective measures in work environments should be implemented. The use of safety protective equipment by cyclists, motorbikers and car passengers should also be enforced.Kashan University of Medical SciencesArchives of Trauma Research2251-953X1220120801Incidence of Snake Bites in Kashan, Iran During an Eight Year Period (2004-2011)67716209810.5812/atr.6445ENRouhullah DehghaniNursing Trauma Research Center, School of Health, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR IranDavarKhah RabaniNursing Trauma Research Center, School of Health, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR IranMorteza Panjeh ShahiDeputy of Health, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR IranMehrdad JazayeriDeputy of Health, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR IranMohammd Sabahi BidgoliDepartment of Public Health, School of Health, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR IranJournal Article19700101Background
Snake bites are one of the significant health problems in the tropical and subtropical regions. Snake bite is a common medical emergency in Iran, and the epidemiological features and management of such cases vary from region to region.
Objectives
This present research study was conducted to obtain new information about the epidemiology of snake bites in the region of Kashan, located in the central part of Iran.
Patients and Methods
This research was a descriptive retrospective study. Data from 2004 to 2011 of snakebite cases were collected from case reports. Information included; age and sex of the victim, district, month of incident, mortality, and time of bite.
Results
The results of this study showed that the majority of snake bite patients were male (96%). The age distribution of patients indicated that the greatest rate of snake bites occurred among the 15-24 year old group. Data collected in this study revealed that the highest incidence of snake bite cases took place in summer (60%) and the lowest number occurred in winter, with no snake bite cases being recorded. The peak number of snakebite cases was seen during June-September.
Conclusions
It was concluded that snake bite cases in Kashan are similar to other areas in Iran from an epidemiological point of view, including; age distribution rates, gender and site of the bites. The existence of Macrov ipera lebetina, a dangerous venomous snake, can cause a range of clinical effects among residents in central parts of Iran, such as Kashan area.Kashan University of Medical SciencesArchives of Trauma Research2251-953X1220120801Ancient Legacy of Cranial Surgery7246209910.5812/atr.6556ENMohammad Ghannaee AraniTrauma Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR IranEsmaeil FakharianTrauma Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR IranFahimeh SarbandiTrauma Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR IranJournal Article19700101Cranial injury, as it is known today, is not a new concern of modern medicine. On stepping on the earth, the man was in reality encountered with various types of injuries, particularly those of a cranial nature. Leading a life, whether wild or civilized, has always been associated with injuries for human race from the very beginning of birth. Therefore, managing cases of this type has gradually forced him to establish and fix strategies and approaches to handle the dilemma. This study is thus focused on tracing the first documented traumatized cranial cases ever reported, ranging from those trials attributed to our ancient predecessors to the identical examples in the present time.Kashan University of Medical SciencesArchives of Trauma Research2251-953X1220120801Omental Torsion After Repeated Abdominal Blunt Trauma75786210010.5812/atr.6881ENMehrdad HosseinpourTrauma Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR IranAzadeh AbdollahiTrauma Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR IranHoda JazayeriTrauma Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR IranHamid TalariTrauma Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR IranAhmad SadeghpourTrauma Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR IranJournal Article19700101Omental torsion is caused by the rotation of the greater omentum on its axis which may lead to tissue infarction and necrosis. It is a rare cause of acute abdomen. Signs, symptoms and paraclinical data are not specific. The patients usually undergo laparotomy for acute abdomen of poorly defined origin. High index of suspicious is required for the diagnosis of this entity. The diagnosis is usually confirmed after an explorative laparotomy. We present clinical characteristics and imaging findings of omental torsion in a young man following repeated blunt abdominal trauma.Kashan University of Medical SciencesArchives of Trauma Research2251-953X1220120801Effect of Gabapentin on Morphine Consumption and Pain after Surgical Debridement of Burn Wounds: A Double-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial Study79806210110.5812/atr.6612ENCheng Jie ZhengDepartment of Ophthalmology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, USAAlbert WuDepartment of Ophthalmology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, USAFiona McClenaghanOral and Maxillofacial Department, Royal London Hospital, London, UKGerard EeNational University Hospital, SingaporeRachel HoSingapore General Hospital, SingaporeAbdul Ahad KhanMedical College, Aga Khan University, Karachi, PakistanMuhammad Shahzad ShamimDepartment of Surgery, Aga Khan University, Karachi, PakistanJournal Article19700101