ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Correlation of Clinical Examination, MRI and Arthroscopy Findings in Menisco-Cruciate Injuries of the Knee: A Prospective Diagnostic Study
Background The aim of this study was to examine the correlation of the clinical examination, MRI and arthroscopic findings in cruciate ligaments and meniscal injuries of knee and to evaluate the accuracy of clinical examination and MRI with the gold standard arthroscopy. Methods A prospective diagnostic double-blind study was conducted on 104 consecutive patients admitted to the outdoor/casualty with trauma to the knee complaining of knee pain/locking/ instability, from August 2012 to June 2014. All the patients were subjected to clinical examination, MRI scanning and diagnostic arthroscopy. Variables like sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of clinical examination and MRI against arthroscopy were evaluated. Results The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of clinical examination for anterior cruciate ligament tears were 94.7%, 71.4% and 88.5% and for MRI were 94.7%, 78.6% and 90.4%, respectively; for posterior cruciate ligament tears 100%, 100% and 100% for clinical examination and for MRI 80%, 97.9% and 96.2%, respectively. These values for medial meniscus tears were 76.5%, 68.6% and 71.2% for clinical examination and 88.2%, 62.8% and 71.2% respectively for MRI. For lateral meniscus tears, 40%, 94.6% and 78.8% for clinical examination and 46.7%, 89.2% and 76.9% respectively for MRI. Conclusions A skillfully performed clinical examination establishes a diagnosis on which an arthroscopic procedure can be planned, reserving MRI scans for patients where the clinical examination fails to establish a diagnosis or cannot be performed. Decision to use MRI should be based on the criteria that it would confirm, expand the diagnosis or change diagnosis in such a way that alters the proposed treatment.
https://archtrauma.kaums.ac.ir/article_62287_9e41606d078a67590d28cbc7716c2e7b.pdf
2017-01-01
1
6
10.5812/atr.30364
Arthroscopy
MRI
clinical examination
Knee Injury
Ranajit
Panigrahi
1
Department of Orthopedics, Hi-Tech Medical College & Odisha, South Korea
LEAD_AUTHOR
Ashok
Priyadarshi
2
Department of Orthopedics, Hi-Tech Medical College & Odisha, South Korea
AUTHOR
Nishit
Palo
3
Department of Orthopedics, Hi-Tech Medical College & Odisha, South Korea
AUTHOR
Hatia
Marandi
4
Department of Orthopedics, Hi-Tech Medical College & Odisha, South Korea
AUTHOR
Dinesh
Kumar Agrawalla
5
MD Radiodiagnosis Assistant Professor, Department of Radiology, Hi-Tech Medical College & Odisha, South Korea
AUTHOR
Manas
Ranjan Biswal
6
Department of Orthopedics, Hi-Tech Medical College & Odisha, South Korea
AUTHOR
1. Campbell . Campbell’s Operative Orthopaedics. 12 ed. Elsevier; 2013. p. 2053.
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5. Gupta K, Guleria M, Sandhu P, Galhotra R. Correlation of clinical, MRI and arthroscopic findings in diagnosing meniscus and ligament injuries at knee joint: A prospective study. J Orthop Allied Sci. 2013;1:2–6. doi: 10.4103/2319-2585.117379.
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15. Cellar R, Sokol D, Lacko M, Stolfa S, Gharaibeh A, Vasko G. [Magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of intra-articular lesions of the knee]. Acta Chir Orthop Traumatol Cech. 2012;79(3):249–54. [PubMed: 22840957].
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16. Fischer SP, Fox JM, Del Pizzo W, Friedman MJ, Snyder SJ, Ferkel RD. Accuracy of diagnoses from magnetic resonance imaging of the knee. A multi-center analysis of one thousand and fourteen patients. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1991;73(1):2–10. [PubMed: 1985991].
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18. Madhusudhan TR, Kumar TM, Bastawrous SS, Sinha A. Clinical examination, MRI and arthroscopy in meniscal and ligamentous knee Injuries - a prospective study. J Orthop Surg Res. 2008;3:19. doi: 10.1186/1749-799X-3-19. [PubMed: 18489779].
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19. Stanitski CL. Correlation of arthroscopic and clinical examinations with magnetic resonance imaging findings of injured knees in children and adolescents. Am J Sports Med. 1998;26(1):2–6. [PubMed: 9474394].
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20. Kocabey Y, Tetik O, Isbell WM. The value of clinical examination versus magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of meniscal tears and anterior cruciate ligament rupture. J Arthroscopy. 2004;20:696–700. doi: 10.1016/S0749-8063(04)00593-6.
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21. Rayan F, Bhonsle S, Shukla DD. Clinical, MRI, and arthroscopic correlation in meniscal and anterior cruciate ligament injuries. Int Orthop. 2009;33(1):129–32. doi: 10.1007/s00264-008-0520-4. [PubMed: 18297284]. 22. Sharma UK, Shrestha BK, Rijal S, Bijukachhe B, Barakoti R, Banskota B, et al. Clinical, MRI and arthoscopic correlation in internal derrangement of knee. Kathmandu Univ Med J. 2011;35(3):174–8.
20
23. Ercin E, Kaya I, Sungur I, Demirbas E, Ugras AA, Cetinus EM. History, clinical findings, magnetic resonance imaging, and arthroscopic correlation in meniscal lesions. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2012;20(5):851–6. doi: 10.1007/s00167-011-1636-4. [PubMed: 21833511]. 24. Nikolaou VS, Chronopoulos E, Savvidou C, Plessas S, Giannoudis P, Efstathopoulos N, et al. MRI efficacy in diagnosing internal lesions of the knee: aretrospective analysis. J Trauma Manag Outcomes. 2008;2(4):1– 10. doi: 10.1186/1752-2897-2-4.
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25. Elvenes J, Jerome CP, Reikeras O, Johansen O. Magnetic resonance imaging as a screening procedure to avoid arthroscopy for meniscal tears. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2000;120(1-2):14–6. [PubMed: 10653097].
22
26. Benjaminse A, Gokeler A, van der Schans CP. Clinical diagnosis of an anterior cruciate ligament rupture: a meta-analysis. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2006;36(5):267–88. doi: 10.2519/jospt.2006.2011. [PubMed: 16715828].
23
27. McMurray TP. The semilunar cartilages. Br J Surg. 1949;29:407. doi: 10.1002/bjs.18002911612. 28. Strobel M, Stedtfeld HW. Diagnostik des Kniegelenkes. Berlin: Springer Verlag; 1990. pp. 166–80.
24
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
External Genitalia Trauma Following the First Manic Episode in an Elderly Woman With Sexual Disinhibition
Introduction Late onset bipolar disorder is not common. In addition, bipolar disorder with a dominancy over sexual behaviors is very rare. Hence, traumatic and vigorous sexual behavior, such as masturbation and self-mutilation, are odd and rare occurrences. Case Presentation An elderly woman in a manic phase of bipolar disorder without a previous history of psychiatric disorders was concomitant with problematic sexual over stimulation in the context of hyper sexuality. She had traumatized her genitals and underwent surgery for their repair. Following her admission and psychopharmacologic therapy, she recovered. Conclusions The presentation of bipolar disorder in the elderly can be seen in sexual behaviors and self-mutilation that can lead to the need for reparative surgery. In each case with trauma to the external genitalia, psychiatric problems should be considered.
https://archtrauma.kaums.ac.ir/article_62288_646be3358bca0378330679617bdde0ad.pdf
2017-01-01
1
3
10.5812/atr.30695
Hypersexuality
Manic Episode
Self-injury
Sexual Disinhibition
Masturbation
Reza
Bidaki
1
Department of Psychiatry, Research Center of Addiction and Behavioral Sciences, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, IR Iran
AUTHOR
Golrasteh
Kholasezade
2
Department of Psychiatry, Research Center of Addiction and Behavioral Sciences, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, IR Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mahdi
Abedinzadeh
3
Department of Urology, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, IR Iran
AUTHOR
Hormoz
Karami
4
Department of Urology, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, IR Iran
AUTHOR
1. Yassa R, Nair V, Nastase C, Camille Y, Belzile L. Prevalence of bipolar disorder
1
in a psychogeriatric population. J Affect Disord. 1988;14(3):197–
2
201. [PubMed: 2968383].
3
2. Depp CA, Jin H, Mohamed S, Kaskow J, Moore DJ, Jeste DV. Bipolar disorder
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in middle-aged and elderly adults: is age of onset important?. J
5
Nerv Ment Dis. 2004;192(11):796–9. [PubMed: 15505527].
6
3. Yassa R, Nair NP, Iskandar H. Late-onset bipolar disorder. Psychiatr Clin
7
North Am. 1988;11(1):117–31. [PubMed: 3288976].
8
4. Carvalho J, Stulhofer A, Vieira AL, Jurin T. Hypersexuality and high sexual
9
desire: exploring the structure of problematic sexuality. J Sex Med.
10
2015;12(6):1356–67. doi: 10.1111/jsm.12865. [PubMed: 25808900].
11
5. Greilsheimer H, Groves JE. Male genital self-mutilation. Arch Gen Psychiatry.
12
1979;36(4):441–6. [PubMed: 426611].
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6. Clark RA. Self-mutilationaccompanyingreligious delusions: a case report
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and review. J Clin Psychiatry. 1981;42(6):243–5. [PubMed: 7240105].
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7. Ames D. Autocastration and biblical delusions in schizophrenia. Br J
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8. Wan SP, Soderdahl DW, Blight EJ. Nonpsychotic genital selfmutilation.
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Urology. 1985;26(3):286–7. [PubMed: 4035844].
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9. Kaplan HI, Sadock BJ. Synopsis of psychiatry. 8th ed. New York: Courtney
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24
11. Vafaei B. Two case reports of self-mutilation or van Gogh syndrome.
25
Acta Medica Iranica. 2003;41(3):199–201.
26
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
New Variant of the Treatment of Acromion-Clavicular Dislocation With TightRope ® System in a Mini - Open Approach: A Preliminary Clinical Study
Background Many different surgical techniques have been described to stabilize the acromion-clavicular (AC) dislocations. So far many of these procedures are performed only in arthroscopy. Objectives In this study, we describe a new technique that utilizes the tightrope with a mini-invasive open approach for the acute stabilization of the acromion-clavicular joint (ACJ) dislocation. Patients and Methods We set an prospective study aimed to verify the efficacy of this new surgical technique. We treated 28 patients with acute ACJ dislocation with ACJ TightRope ® System with dual mini access. We retrospectively reviewed the data of 34 patients treated with arthroscopic technique. They were considered as the control group. Results At 6 month’s follow-up, all the 28 patients showed a stable joint during clinical examination and obtained an average Constant score of 98.62/100, with a complete recovery of ROM and strength in abduction. The mean operation time was of 33.7 minutes. The mean recovery duration was 102.8 days. No significant difference was found between the experimental and control groups (P > 0.05). Conclusions Results of this trial suggest the effectiveness of this new mini-invasive surgical technique in producing clinical and functional recovery in patients with ACJ dislocations.
https://archtrauma.kaums.ac.ir/article_62289_c60386a584c45b236e03759cb11e5068.pdf
2017-01-01
1
4
10.5812/atr.30770
Acromion-Clavicular Dislocation
Mini-Invasive Open Approach
Tight Rope System
Antonio
Panella
1
Orthopedics and Traumatology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences of Basis, Neurosciences and Organs of Sense, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Study of Bari, General Hospital, Piazza Giulio Cesare, Bari, Italy
AUTHOR
Angela
Notarnicola
2
Orthopedics and Traumatology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences of Basis, Neurosciences and Organs of Sense, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Study of Bari, General Hospital, Piazza Giulio Cesare, Bari, Italy
LEAD_AUTHOR
Paola
Damato
3
Orthopedics and Traumatology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences of Basis, Neurosciences and Organs of Sense, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Study of Bari, General Hospital, Piazza Giulio Cesare, Bari, Italy
AUTHOR
Giuseppe
Sforza
4
Berkshire Independent Hospital, Swallows Croft, Wensley Road, Reading, UK
AUTHOR
Giuseppe
Solarino
5
Orthopedics and Traumatology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences of Basis, Neurosciences and Organs of Sense, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Study of Bari, General Hospital, Piazza Giulio Cesare, Bari, Italy
AUTHOR
Claudio
Mori
6
Orthopedics and Traumatology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences of Basis, Neurosciences and Organs of Sense, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Study of Bari, General Hospital, Piazza Giulio Cesare, Bari, Italy
AUTHOR
Cristina
Margiotta
7
Orthopedics and Traumatology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences of Basis, Neurosciences and Organs of Sense, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Study of Bari, General Hospital, Piazza Giulio Cesare, Bari, Italy
AUTHOR
Biagio
Moretti
8
Orthopedics and Traumatology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences of Basis, Neurosciences and Organs of Sense, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Study of Bari, General Hospital, Piazza Giulio Cesare, Bari, Italy
AUTHOR
1. Allman FJ. Fractures and ligamentous injuries of the clavicle and
1
its articulation. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1967;49(4):774–84. [PubMed:
2
2. Dias JJ, Gregg PJ. Acromioclavicular joint injuries in sport. Recommendations
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for treatment. Sports Med. 1991;11(2):125–32. [PubMed:
4
3. Lemos MJ. The evaluation and treatment of the injured acromioclavicular
5
joint in athletes. Am J Sports Med. 1998;26(1):137–44. [PubMed:
6
4. Wolf EM, Pennington WT. Arthroscopic reconstruction for acromioclavicular
7
joint dislocation. Arthroscopy. 2001;17(5):558–63. doi:
8
10.1053/jars.2001.23578. [PubMed: 11337730].
9
5. Sim E, Schwarz N, Hocker K, Berzlanovich A. Repair of complete
10
acromioclavicular separations using the acromioclavicular-hook
11
plate. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1995(314):134–42. [PubMed: 7634626].
12
6. El Sallakh SA. Evaluation of arthroscopic stabilization of acute
13
acromioclavicular joint dislocation using the TightRope system. Orthopedics.
14
2012;35(1):18–22. doi: 10.3928/01477447-20111122-13. [PubMed:
15
22229608].
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7. Metzlaff S, Rosslenbroich S, Forkel PH, Schliemann B, Arshad H,
17
Raschke M, et al. Surgical treatment of acute acromioclavicular
18
joint dislocations: hook plate versus minimally invasive reconstruction.
19
Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2016;24(6):1972–8. doi:
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10.1007/s00167-014-3294-9. [PubMed: 25209209].
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8. Constant CR, Murley AH. A clinical method of functional assessment
22
of the shoulder. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1987(214):160–4. [PubMed:
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9. Balke M , Schneider M M , Akoto R , Bathis H , Bouillon B , Banerjee M
24
. [Acute acromioclavicular joint injuries : Changes in diagnosis and
25
therapy over the last 10 years.]. Unfallchirurg. 2014;118(10):851–7.
26
10. Bajnar L, Bartos R, Sedivy P. [Arthroscopic stabilisation of acute
27
acromioclavicular dislocation using the TighRope device]. Acta Chir
28
Orthop Traumatol Cech. 2013;80(6):386–90. [PubMed: 24750965].
29
11. Stubig T, Jahnisch T, Reichelt A, Krettek C, Citak M, Meller R. Navigated
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vs arthroscopic-guided drilling for reconstruction of acromioclavicular
31
joint injuries: accuracy and feasibility. Int J Med Robot.
32
2013;9(3):359–64. doi: 10.1002/rcs.1506. [PubMed: 23784857].
33
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Not-so-Minor Injuries: Delayed Diagnosis of a Large Splinter
Introduction In contrast with victims of major trauma, patients who suffer minor injuries receive little specialist input. In most cases, this causes no difficulty, but there are situations where minor trauma results in persistent disability affecting the quality of life. Case Presentation A young man sustained a perineal puncture wound resulting from a fall onto a bush. Following an initial delay, he sought medical advice for a continual pain in his right leg, and a discharging perineal wound. A computed tomography (CT) scan and flexible sigmoidoscopy failed to identify the cause, and he was subsequently discharged from hospital. One year after his initial presentation, a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan identified a retained foreign body consistent with a fragment of wood. Conclusions Penetrating trauma from wooden fragments provides a diagnostic challenge. A stubborn discharge from a wound must always raise the suspicion of retained fragment. Early and appropriate surgical exploration is imperative.
https://archtrauma.kaums.ac.ir/article_62290_6f1d22f6534b91bdd1d16372e01f590f.pdf
2017-01-01
1
3
10.5812/atr.33221
minor
Injury
Trauma
delay
Wood
Lampros
Liasis
1
General Surgery Department, Northwick Park Hospital, London, UK
LEAD_AUTHOR
Lara
Howells
2
General Surgery Department, Northwick Park Hospital, London, UK
AUTHOR
Harry T.
Papaconstantinou
3
Baylor Scott and White Memorial Hospital, Temple, Texas
AUTHOR
1. Gul S, Dusak A, Songur M, Kalayci M, Acikgoz B. Penetrating
1
spinal injury with a wooden fragment: a case report and review
2
of the literature. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2010;35(25):E1534–6. doi:
3
10.1097/BRS.0b013e3181d9b7f8. [PubMed: 21102287].
4
2. Paul AM, Grundmann T. [Intraorbital wooden foreign body undetected
5
on CT]. HNO. 2010;58(12):1237–40. doi: 10.1007/s00106-010-2192-9.
6
[PubMed: 21085921].
7
3. Ginsburg MJ, Ellis GL, Flom LL. Detection of soft-tissue foreign bodies
8
by plain radiography, xerography, computed tomography, and ultrasonography.
9
Ann Emerg Med. 1990;19(6):701–3. [PubMed: 2188542].
10
4. Rao J, Messahel A, Grimes K, Sanders K. Elusive penetrating foreign
11
body to the neck causing partial epiglottic airway obstruction. J
12
Craniomaxillofac Surg. 2011;39(1):37–9. doi: 10.1016/j.jcms.2010.03.004.
13
[PubMed: 20456968].
14
5. Rockett MS, Gentile SC, Gudas CJ, Brage ME, Zygmunt KH. The use of
15
ultrasonography for the detection of retained wooden foreign bodies
16
in the foot. J Foot Ankle Surg. 1995;34(5):478–84. doi: 10.1016/S1067-
17
2516(09)80024-0. [PubMed: 8590883] discussion 510-1.
18
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Ideal Timing of Starting Weight-Bearing After Calcaneal Insufficiency Fracture: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Introduction Criteria for starting weight-bearing on the heel with a symptomatic calcaneal insufficiency fracture have not yet been reported. Case Presentation We describe a rare case of a 52-year-old woman with a calcaneal insufficiency fracture who sustained a second ipsilateral calcaneal insufficiency fracture within a short time span. The initial fracture was not evident radiographically, but was detected using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The patient rejected our advice to avoid weight-bearing on the heel, instead opting to use a silicone heel orthosis. Although there were no abnormal local findings, the stand on heel test was positive at each subsequent visit until 2 months after her first medical examination. At this time, radiographs showed a sclerotic line; however, a second round of MRI showed a new calcaneal insufficiency fracture anterior to the initial calcaneal insufficiency fracture. The patient then agreed to stop weight-bearing on the heel. Three months after the initial visit, radiographs showed two sclerotic lines, and the stand on heel test became negative for the first time; hence, weight-bearing was permitted. There was radiographic evidence of fracture healing and complete resolution of symptoms 4 months after the initial visit. Conclusions The callus formation seen on radiographs is helpful in determining when to start weight-bearing; however, fresh insufficiency fractures of the ipsilateral calcaneus may not be detected by radiography. Since local findings such as tenderness, swelling, and heat are subjective, the criteria for starting weight-bearing on the affected heel with an insufficiency fracture should be based on not only radiographs but also objective clinical findings such as the stand on heel test.
https://archtrauma.kaums.ac.ir/article_62291_e2fce2ad37088366b47cae919f121cb0.pdf
2017-01-01
1
4
10.5812/atr.33986
Calcaneus
Insufficiency
fracture
timing
Weight-Bearing
Orthosis
Hitoshi
Imamura
1
LEAD_AUTHOR
Takeshi
Mochizuki
2
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kamagaya General Hospital, Chiba, Japan
AUTHOR
Kosei
Kawakami
3
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kamagaya General Hospital, Chiba, Japan
AUTHOR
Shigeki
Momohara
4
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Institute of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
AUTHOR
1. Pentecost RL, Murray RA, Brindley HH. Fatigue, Insufficiency, and
1
Pathologic Fractures. JAMA. 1964;187:1001–4. [PubMed: 14102934].
2
2. Ito K, Hori K, Terashima Y, Sekine M, Kura H. Insufficiency fracture of
3
the body of the calcaneus in elderly patients with osteoporosis: a report
4
of two cases. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2004(422):190–4. [PubMed:
5
15187856].
6
3. Ha YJ, Lee SW, Lee SK, Park YB. Clinical images: osteoporotic calcaneal
7
stress fractures mistaken for aggravation of rheumatoid arthritis.
8
Arthritis Rheum. 2013;65(11):2983. doi: 10.1002/art.38088. [PubMed:
9
23896818].
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4. Alonso-Bartolome P, Blanco R, Canga A, Martinez-Taboada VM. Insufficiency
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fractures of the calcaneus: a diagnostic pitfall for ankle arthritis.
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J Rheumatol. 2006;33(6):1140–2. [PubMed: 16755662].
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5. Spina A, Clemente A, Vancini C, Fejzo M, Campioni P. Spontaneous
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talar and calcaneal fracture in rheumatoid arthritis: a case report.
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J Radiol Case Rep. 2011;5(7):15–23. doi: 10.3941/jrcr.v5i7.735. [PubMed:
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22470803].
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6. Lui TH. Insufficiency fracture of the body of the calcaneus. Foot
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(Edinb). 2013;23(2-3):93–5. doi: 10.1016/j.foot.2013.02.002. [PubMed:
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23523005].
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calcaneum: Sonographic findings. J Clin Ultrasound. 2009;37(7):424–7.
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doi: 10.1002/jcu.20577. [PubMed: 19353549].
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8. Miki T, Miki T, Nishiyama A. Calcaneal stress fracture: an adverse
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cases. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2014;96(2):eee9. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.L.01472.
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[PubMed: 24430426].
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9. Kannus P, Parkkari J, Niemi S, Palvanen M. Epidemiology of osteoporotic
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ankle fractures in elderly persons in Finland. Ann Intern Med.
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1996;125(12):975–8. [PubMed: 8967708].
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10. Gehrmann RM, Renard RL. Current concepts review: Stress fractures
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of the foot. Foot Ankle Int. 2006;27:750–7.
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11. Charles LT, Mehdi AM, Baker D, Edwards MR. Bilateral heel pain in a
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patient with Diamond-Blackfan anaemia. Foot (Edinb). 2015;25(2):110–
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3. doi: 10.1016/j.foot.2015.03.002. [PubMed: 26004126].
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of varying material properties on the load deformation characteristics
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of heel cushions. Med Eng Phys. 2008;30(6):687–92. doi:
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at heel strike using viscoelastic heel insoles: an in vivo
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43
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Atraumatic Fractures of the Humerus Associated With Throwing Whilst Playing Dodgeball: A Case Series and Review of the Literature
Introduction Five patients presented to the emergency department of a tertiary referral teaching hospital with atraumatic fractures of their humerus sustained during a recreational dodgeball tournament. Case Presentation The patients were young healthy individuals that described the fracture occurring during the act of throwing. Conclusions The causes leading to fracture of the humerus during the act of a throw are discussed and the management strategies utilized.
https://archtrauma.kaums.ac.ir/article_62292_c405f944d13e1e98e533dca5e64e741d.pdf
2017-01-01
1
5
10.5812/atr.36051
humerus
Atraumatic Fracture
Dodgeball
Thrower’s Fracture
Vincent Vinh
Gia An
1
Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
LEAD_AUTHOR
Arnold
Suzuki
2
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, Australia
AUTHOR
John
Trantalis
3
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, Australia
AUTHOR
Doron
Sher
4
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, Australia
AUTHOR
1. Kuschner SH, Lane CS. Recurrent fracture of the humerus in a softball
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Report of eight cases of humeral fracture following the throwing of
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9. Ogawa K, Yoshida A. Throwing fracture of the humeral shaft. An
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thendl.com/theNDL-Dodgeball-101.asp.
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Detection of ISPa1328 and ISPpu21, Two Novel Insertion Sequences in the OprD Porin and blaIMP-1 Gene Among Metallo-Beta-Lactamase-Producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated From Burn Patients
Background Carbapenemes are a good choice for treatment of infections caused by multidrug resistant Pseudomonads aeruginosa. The emergence of carbapenem resistance has become a major problem in treatment of this organism especially among immunocompromised patients including burn patients. Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate carbapenem-resistance mechanisms among burn patients in Tehran, Iran, during 2014 - 2015. Methods The antibiotic resistance phenotypic test was accomplished by the Kirby Bauer disk diffusion method. The phenotypic investigation of metallo-beta-lactamase (MBL) producers was evaluated by the combined disk diffusion test (CDDT) method. The prevalence of MBL genes, including blaIMP-1 and blaVIM-1 was evaluated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing methods. Amplification of oprD was performed by PCR and the results of sequencing were aligned with wild-type P. aeruginosa strain PAO1. Results A total of 100 P. aeruginosa were investigated, of which, 95 were resistance to imipenem. Out Of 95 imipenem resistant isolates,, 81 (85.2%) were MBL producers. Among all isolates, 13 strains carried the blaIMP-1 gene, whereas all of the strains were negative for the blaVIM-1 gene. Amplification of OprD porin was performed for all 100 P. aeruginosa strains. Two insertion sequences (ISs) including ISPpu21 and ISPa1328 were detected in PCR products of OprD gene, that were larger than expected. Conclusions The prevalence of β-lactamase-producing isolates and their isolation from life-threatening infections in burn patients is increasing at an alarming rate worldwide. Also, we have identified two novel IS elements, ISPa1328 and ISPpu21, in P. aeruginosa isolates from hospitals in Tehran, Iran. In most of the isolates, insertional inactivation of oprD by ISPa1328 and ISPpu21 were associated with carbapenem resistance.
https://archtrauma.kaums.ac.ir/article_62293_bd7927806c15ff392fdc0726eb4df3de.pdf
2017-01-01
1
7
10.5812/atr.36239
Metallo-beta-lactamase
Insertion Sequences
Mehrzad
Sadredinamin
1
Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
AUTHOR
Ali
Hashemi
2
Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
AUTHOR
Hossein
Goudarzi
3
Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Samira
Tarashi
4
Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
AUTHOR
Neda
Yousefi Nojookambari
5
Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
AUTHOR
Soroor
Erfanimanesh
6
Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
AUTHOR
11. Rossolini GM, Mantengoli E. Treatment and control of severe infections
1
caused by multiresistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Clin Microbiol
2
Infect. 2005;11 Suppl 4:17–32. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2005.01161.x.
3
[PubMed: 15953020].
4
12. Walsh TR, Toleman MA, Poirel L, Nordmann P. Metallo-betalactamases:
5
the quiet before the storm?. Clin Microbiol Rev.
6
2005;18(2):306–25. doi: 10.1128/CMR.18.2.306-325.2005. [PubMed:
7
15831827].
8
13. Shahcheraghi F, Nikbin VS, Feizabadi MM. Identification and
9
genetic characterization of metallo-beta-lactamase-producing
10
strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Tehran, Iran. New Microbiol.
11
2010;33(3):243–8. [PubMed: 20954442].
12
14. Saffari M, Firoozeh F, Pourbabaee M, Zibaei M. Evaluation of metallo-
13
-lactamase-production and carriage of bla-vim genes in pseudomonas
14
aeruginosa isolated from burn wound infections in Isfahan.
15
Arch Trauma Res. 2016;Inpress.
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15. Radan M, Moniri R, Khorshidi A, Gilasi H, Norouzi Z, Beigi F. Emerging
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Carbapenem-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates Carrying
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bla IMP Among Burn Patients in Isfahan, Iran. Arch Trauma Res.
19
2016;Inpress.
20
16. Hakemi Vala M, Hallajzadeh M, Hashemi A, Goudarzi H, Tarhani M,
21
Sattarzadeh Tabrizi M, et al. Detection of Ambler class A, B and D sslactamases
22
among Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii
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clinical isolates from burn patients. Ann Burns Fire Disasters.
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2014;27(1):8–13. [PubMed: 25249841].
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17. Saderi H, Lotfalipour H, Owlia P, Salimi H. Detection of metallo--
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lactamase producing pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from burn
27
patients in Tehran, Iran. Labmedicine. 2010;41:609–12.
28
18. Ghamgosha M, Shahrekizahedani S, Kafilzadeh F, Bameri Z, Taheri
29
RA, Farnoosh G. Metallo-beta-Lactamase VIM-1, SPM-1, and IMP-1
30
Genes Among Clinical Pseudomonas aeruginosa Species Isolated
31
in Zahedan, Iran. Jundishapur J Microbiol. 2015;8(4):17489. doi:
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10.5812/jjm.8(4)2015.17489. [PubMed: 26034547].
33
19. Rojo-Bezares B, Estepa V, Cebollada R, de Toro M, Somalo S, Seral C,
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et al. Carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains from a
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Spanish hospital: characterization of metallo-beta-lactamases, porin
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OprD and integrons. Int J Med Microbiol. 2014;304(3-4):405–14. doi:
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10.1016/j.ijmm.2014.01.001. [PubMed: 24594145].
38
20. Al-Bayssari C, Valentini C, Gomez C, Reynaud-Gaubert M, Rolain
39
JM. First detection of insertion sequence element ISPa1328 in
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the oprD porin gene of an imipenem-resistant Pseudomonas
41
aeruginosa isolate from an idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patient
42
in Marseille, France. New Microbes New Infect. 2015;7:26–7. doi:
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10.1016/j.nmni.2015.05.004. [PubMed: 26137309].
44
21. Diene SM, L’Homme T, Bellulo S, Stremler N, Dubus JC, Mely L,
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et al. ISPa46, a novel insertion sequence in the oprD porin gene
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of an imipenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolate from a
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cystic fibrosis patient in Marseille, France. Int J Antimicrob Agents.
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2013;42(3):268–71. doi: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2013.06.001. [PubMed:
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23880169].
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ND. Emergence of carbapenem resistance in Pseudomonas
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55
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Social Determinants of Risky Driving on the Intercity Roads of Tehran Province, Iran: A Case-Cohort Study
Background Traffic accidents are the major cause of injuries that endanger the lives of many people annually. It seems that studying the factors and grounds of this type of event including risky driving contributes to the identification of groups at risk and development of preventive programs. Objectives Given the importance of this issue, we decided to conduct a study to examine the social factors of risky driving. Methods The present study was implemented based on a case-cohort design. The target community was all the drivers who drove on the intercity roads of Tehran Province. Each driver with and without a history of being guilty in a car accident leading to injury or death during the last 5 years was assigned to the case and control groups, respectively. The questionnaires were completed through a review of documents and interview within the groups. In the analytical analysis, a chi-square test and, if necessary, the odds ratio and confidence intervals were used to determine the relationship between the variables. In each case, the necessary investigation of confounding or interacting variables was performed using regression models and the final model of the factors affecting a risky driving was extracted. Results From a total of 990 drivers studied, 54 cases (5.5%) were females and 936 (94.5%) were males. The mean and SD of the drivers’ ages were 39.4 and 11.8 years, respectively. People with a driving job, chronic disease, poor socio-economic status, having only a family dispute, without a religious attitude, and under medical supervision (all with P < 0.001), secondary education (P = 0.01), women (P = 0.01), using drugs (P = 0.03) were found to have a greater history of road traffic injuries or deaths. Conclusions This study showed that gender, education level, occupation, socioeconomic status, medical care, health condition, lifestyle, family conflict, drug abuse history, and religious attitudes are the major social factors of risky driving on the intercity roads of Tehran Province.
https://archtrauma.kaums.ac.ir/article_62294_c600b5510722cab26cfbc897669df138.pdf
2017-01-01
1
9
10.5812/atr.36490
Accidents
Traffic
Epidemiology
Ali
Moradi
1
Asadabad Health and Treatment Network, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, IR Iran
AUTHOR
Payman
Salamati
2
Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Ebrahim
Vahabzadeh
3
Deputy of Transportation Road Traffic Police Commander, Tehran, Iran
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Traffic Police Effectiveness and Efficiency Evaluations, an Overview of Methodological Considerations
Context Every government implements various policies to mitigate road traffic injuries (RTIs). Many of these interventions are performed by traffic police. To evaluate effectiveness and efficiency of police enforcement, numerous studies have been conducted. Potential capabilities of epidemiology could get opportunity to improve these studies. The aim of this study was to extract and discuss some related methodological points of traffic police effectiveness and efficiency from related studies, in view of epidemiology discipline. Evidence Acquisition Related articles were searched with “traffic police”, “effectiveness”, “efficiency” and “road safety” keywords in ScienceDirect, PubMed and Safetylit databases. Related papers were selected and read carefully to summarize and discuss the epidemiological points with aims of giving clues to improve quality of studies. Results From a total of 797 articles, 20 were eligible which among them 17 articles were about effectiveness and 3 of them were about efficiency evaluations. Discussed points were the method of study, taking a holistic view to all positive and negative side effects, desired inputs and outputs, relation pattern between police enforcement and outcome and potential confounders. Conclusions Better understanding of the effectiveness and efficiency mechanism and having valid evaluation required considering specific theories and points in this field. Applying a dynamic approach with considering epidemiological concepts and sophisticated statistical models could improve quality of studies in this field.
https://archtrauma.kaums.ac.ir/article_62295_225227f4e73d90e2e6181b2f4c42e4a6.pdf
2017-01-01
1
12
10.5812/atr.36927
Police
Epidemiology
Effectiveness
Efficiency
Habibollah
Rahimi
1
Department of Epidemiology, School of Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
AUTHOR
Seyed Saeed
Hashemi Nazari
2
Department of Epidemiology, Safety Promotion and Injury Prevention Research Center, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
AUTHOR
Hamid
Soori
3
Department of Epidemiology, Safety Promotion and Injury Prevention Research Center, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Seyed Abbas
Motevalian
4
Department of Epidemiology, School of Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
AUTHOR
Eskandar
Momeni
5
Traffic Police of Islamic Republic of Iran, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Adel
Azar
6
Department of Management, Faculty of Management and Economics, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Complications of Vehicular-Related Injuries: A Scoping Review of Literature
Context Complications of vehicular-related trauma contribute to the overall morbidity, and ultimately the costs, of road accidents. However, direct evidence on the burden of complications of vehicular-related trauma injuries is not directly explored. This scoping review aims to provide a summary of the relevant literature on the most significant acute complications and consequences of trauma caused by motor vehicle accidents or similar mechanisms. Evidence Acquisition Multiple electronic databases, as well as grey literature, were explored. Studies were included in this scoping review if they evaluated adult patients with acute complications of traumatic injury caused by motor vehicle trauma or similar mechanisms. Results Trauma-related complications contribute to increasing mortality of patients. Complications of traumatic injuries are also the main cause of patients’ readmission to hospitals. Various studies report the rate of high-grade complications around 10%, but the overall rate of complications, ignoring severity, is approximately 60%. Depending on the surveyed population, different complications are identified as the most prevalent, but pneumonia is identified as the most prevalent complication in the majority of studies. The most important factors predicting the occurrence of complications in trauma patients are older age and poor Glasgow coma scale. Conclusions Complications of trauma-related injuries are significant factors affecting the outcome of patients. There has been limited research directly exploring this topic, possibly due to the difficulty of undertaking such studies. A particularly important research topic is the prevention and management of complications in elderly trauma patients with comorbidities. In conclusion, complications of trauma related injuries are significant considerations for clinical practice and research.
https://archtrauma.kaums.ac.ir/article_62296_574bf2f89a155625177aa0459358b0b1.pdf
2017-01-01
1
7
10.5812/atr.37414
Complications
Trauma
Vehicular Trauma
Pooria
Sarrami
1
LEAD_AUTHOR
Rafael
Ekmejian
2
South Western Sydney Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
AUTHOR
Justine M
Naylor
3
South Western Sydney Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
LEAD_AUTHOR
Ian A
Harris
4
South Western Sydney Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
LEAD_AUTHOR
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Proximal Humeral Fractures: Nonoperative Versus Operative Treatment
Background Management of displaced proximal humeral fractures is subject of ongoing debate. Objectives We aimed to review our results of operative treatment of proximal humeral fractures compared to age-, sex, and fracture-type controlled conservative treatment. We hypothesized that there is no significant difference in upper-extremity specific disability between patients treated with operative fixation and patients treated nonoperatively after displaced proximal humeral fracture. Our secondary null hypotheses were that there were no differences in pain intensity, satisfaction and physical function. Methods Thirty-three patients treated with operative fixation were enrolled and randomly matched with 33 patients treated nonoperatively according to age (within 5 years), sex, ASA-score, Neer fracture type and mechanism of injury. The patients were evaluated using the disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand (DASH) scale, the constant score, short form (SF)-36 health survey, CESD, the pain catastrophizing scale (PCS) and pain intensity and satisfaction questionnaires. Results At follow-up, the nonoperatively treated patients had better functional outcomes than the operatively treated patients. Nonoperatively treated patients also scored better on pain intensity and satisfaction. There were no significant differences in CESD, PCS, and SF-36 physical- and mental health summary scores between cohorts. Conclusions The results of this study suggest that operative treatment might, on average, be detrimental to patients with proximal humeral fractures compared to natural healing. It will be a key to identify patients who will benefit from surgery.
https://archtrauma.kaums.ac.ir/article_62297_e0f44614403adc83229d7ba2a01ae489.pdf
2017-01-01
1
8
10.5812/atr.37423
Proximal Humeral Fracture
Subcapital Humeral Fracture
Nonoperative Treatment
Operative Treatment
Michiel G.J.S.
Hageman
1
Research Fellow, Sint Lucas Andreas Ziekenhuis Amsterdam, PhD Research Fellow Orthopedic Hand and Upper Extremity Service, Massachusetts General Hospital, Yawkey Center, Suite 2100, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
AUTHOR
Diederik
Meijer
2
Research Fellow, Department of Surgery, Sint Lucas Andreas Ziekenhuis Amsterdam, The Netherlands
AUTHOR
Sjoerd
A. Stufkens
3
Resident, Academic Medical Center Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam Orthopedic Residency Program, PhD Research Fellow, Orthotrauma Research Center Amsterdam, The Netherlands
AUTHOR
David
Ring
4
Associate Professor of Orthopedic Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Orthopedic Hand and Upper Extremity Service, Massachusetts General Hospital, Yawkey Center, Suite 2100, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
AUTHOR
Job
N. Doornberg
5
Resident, Sint Lucas Andreas Ziekenhuis Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam Orthopedic Residency Program, Postdoc Research Fellow, Orthotrauma Research Center Amsterdam, Academic Medical Center Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1100 DD Amsterdam, The Netherlands
LEAD_AUTHOR
E.
Ph. Steller
6
Chief Department of General Surgery, Sint Lucas Andreas Ziekenhuis Amsterdam, Secretariaat C4, Jan Tooropstraat 164, 1061 AE Amsterdam, The Netherlands
AUTHOR
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proximal humeral fractures in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev.
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23235575].
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of the proximal humerus: the PROFHER randomized clinical trial.
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25756440].
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Surg. 2008;17(2):210–5.
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longer-term results after internal fixation of proximal humerus
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94
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Comparing Blood Sugar Levels Measured by the Glucometer in Healthy and Crushed Fingers to Predict Gangrene in Tehran, Iran
Background Crushed fingers are one of the most common reasons that patients visit the emergency centers for hand surgery, and based on the level of injury, it can cause many disabilities for patients. It is difficult to decide the treatment strategies (amputation, aggressive revascularization, immediate or delayed complex reconstruction and immediate conservative treatment) for crushed fingers. Objectives The current study aimed to compare the blood sugar (BS) levels measured by the glucometer in healthy and crushed fingers to predict gangrene in patients referred to 15 Khordad Hospital in Tehran, Iran. Methods This cohort study was conducted on 265 patients with crushed fingers referred to the emergency center of 15 Khordad hospital in Tehran, Iran, from March 2015 to March 2016. Blood glucose levels were measured by glucometer in the crushed fingers and in the finger of the opposite side at the same time and measurements were recorded. Data were analyzed using t-test and chi-square test with SPSS software version 22. Results The results showed that 317 crushed fingers of 265 patients were ischemic based on the color, temperature, capillary refill time and pulse oximetry and accordingly the vascular reconstruction was not possible. Of 317 crushed fingers, 61 (19.24%) became gangrene (all with sugar levels lower than 37). The mean BS levels of the amputated and non-amputated fingers were 33.5 ± 1.52 and 111.04 ± 15.27 mg/dL, respectively. Therefore, there was a significant difference in the mean BS level between the patients with amputated and non-amputated fingers (P < 0.001). Conclusions The lower levels of sugar in crushed fingers compared to healthy fingers can help to diagnose gangrene in crushed fingers.
https://archtrauma.kaums.ac.ir/article_62298_3c37eaa046e769af9ab1dd3dee7895ed.pdf
2017-01-01
1
5
10.5812/atr.40753
Ischemic
Gangrene
Blood Sugar
Glucometer
Masoud
Yavari
1
Department of Plastic Surgery, 15 Khordad Educational Hospital, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Seyed
Esmail Hassanpour
2
Department of Plastic Surgery, 15 Khordad Educational Hospital, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Marzieh
Naghavi Ravandi
3
Department of Plastic Surgery, 15 Khordad Educational Hospital, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Feizollah
Niazi
4
Department of Plastic Surgery, 15 Khordad Educational Hospital, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
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with closed crush injuries. J Hand Surg Br. 2002;27(4):374–7. doi:
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10.1054/jhsb.2001.0727. [PubMed: 12162982].
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2. Pederson WC, Stevanoic M. Reconstruction surgery; Extensive injuries
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