@article { author = {Behdad, Akbar}, title = {Evaluation and Importance of Trauma}, journal = {Archives of Trauma Research}, volume = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {-}, year = {2012}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2251-953X}, eissn = {2251-9599}, doi = {10.5812/atr.7245}, abstract = {}, keywords = {Trauma,Research,Global Disease}, url = {https://archtrauma.kaums.ac.ir/article_62093.html}, eprint = {https://archtrauma.kaums.ac.ir/article_62093_f2a0beacadac679996b1fbc998273041.pdf} } @article { author = {Akbarnejad, Ali and Sayyah, Mansour}, title = {Frequency of Sports Trauma in Elite National Level Greco-Roman Wrestling Competitions}, journal = {Archives of Trauma Research}, volume = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {51-3}, year = {2012}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2251-953X}, eissn = {2251-9599}, doi = {10.5812/atr.6866}, abstract = {Background Trauma is an inescapable part of sports competitions. It occurs more frequently in contact sports such as wrestling. Objectives The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of injury in Greco-Roman style wrestling competitions at national level. Patients and Methods This descriptive epidemiological research included 50 Greco-Roman style wrestlers who participated in national level competitions between the years 2003 and 2008. A questionnaire was completed by each participant, itincluded; the number of injuries to skin, muscle tissue, bones and joints. The reliability of the instrument was evaluated by a test – retest method (r = 0.83, P = 0.0001). Results The most frequent injuries encountered by the wrestlers were; skin lesions (62%), followed by muscle (22%), bone (9%) and joint (7%) injuries, respectively. Conclusions Greco-Roman style wrestlers are at high risk of skin injuries.Therefore, they need appropriate instructions on how to avoid injuries and adequate care after their competitions.}, keywords = {sports,Wound and Injuries,wrestling}, url = {https://archtrauma.kaums.ac.ir/article_62094.html}, eprint = {https://archtrauma.kaums.ac.ir/article_62094_7dc67c825f06864c6c0da15973134d6c.pdf} } @article { author = {Mohammadzadeh, Mahdi and Hosseinpour, Mehrdad and Mirzadeh, Azadeh Sadat and Jazayeri, Hoda and Ghannaee Arani, Mohammad}, title = {Chest Injury Evaluation and Management in Two Major Trauma Centers of Isfahan Province, IR Iran}, journal = {Archives of Trauma Research}, volume = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {54-7}, year = {2012}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2251-953X}, eissn = {2251-9599}, doi = {10.5812/atr.6542}, abstract = {Background: Chest trauma is responsible for 50% of deaths due to trauma. This kind of death usually occurs immediately after the trauma has occurred. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the various aspects of chest trauma in patients admitted to two main trauma centers located in the Isfahan Province, Iran. Patients and Methods: During a six month period, a cross-sectional study of 100 patients who had sustained a chest injury was carried out. Data, including; age, sex, time of accident, trauma mechanism, organ injury, hospitalization length, complications, and patient outcomes were recorded and analyzed. Results: The mean ages of the patients were 24.7 ± 3.1 years. Men were injured four times more often than the women. Blunt trauma was the most common type of injury. The incidence of hemothorax was 38% in blunt traumas, and 45% (P = 0.01) in penetrating ones. The incidence of pneumothorax was 43% in blunt traumas and 20% in penetrating ones (P = 0.03). The length of hospitalization was 7.2 ± 3.2 days for blunt and 10.1 ± 3.1 days for penetrating chest traumas. Five patients (5%) died during hospitalization, three of those deaths were due to arterial injuries and two cases were due to lung contusions. Conclusions: Since hemothorax is the main complication of blunt chest trauma in young men, we recommend that special consideration needs to be made to any case of chest trauma, especially blunt chest injuries.}, keywords = {Thorax,Complications,Wound and Injury,mortality}, url = {https://archtrauma.kaums.ac.ir/article_62095.html}, eprint = {https://archtrauma.kaums.ac.ir/article_62095_6d06243c572234d6e485d4740c9a6ec4.pdf} } @article { author = {Razi, Ebrahim and Moosavi, Gholam Abbass and Omidi, Keivan and Khakpour Saebi, Ashkan and Razi, Armin}, title = {Correlation of End-Tidal Carbon Dioxide with Arterial Carbon Dioxide in Mechanically Ventilated Patients}, journal = {Archives of Trauma Research}, volume = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {58-62}, year = {2012}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2251-953X}, eissn = {2251-9599}, doi = {10.5812/atr.6444}, abstract = {Background: Patients undergone mechanical ventilation need rapid and reliable evaluation of their respiratory status. Monitoring of End-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2) as a surrogate, noninvasive measurement of arterial carbon dioxide (PaCO2) is one of the methods used for this purpose in intubated patients. Objectives: The aim of the present trial was to study the relationship between end-tidal CO2 tensions with PaCO2 measurements in mechanically ventilated patients. Materials and Methods: End-tidal carbon dioxide levels were recorded at the time of arterial blood gas sampling. Patients who were undergoing one of the mechanical ventilation methods such as: synchronized mandatory mechanical ventilation (SIMV), continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and T-Tube were enrolled in this study. The difference between ETCO2 and PaCO2 was tested with a paired t-test. The correlation of end-tidal carbon dioxide to (ETCO2) CO2 was obtained in all patients. Results: A total of 219 arterial blood gases were obtained from 87 patients (mean age, 71.7 ± 15.1 years). Statistical analysis demonstrated a good correlation between the mean of ETCO2 and PaCO2 in each of the modes of SIMV, CPAP and T-Tube; SIMV (42.5 ± 17.3 and 45.8 ± 17.1; r = 0.893, P < 0.0001), CPAP (37 ± 9.7 and 39.4 ± 10.1; r = 0.841, P < 0.0001) and T-Tube (36.1 ± 9.9 and 39.4 ± 11; r = 0.923, P < 0.0001), respectively. Conclusions: End-tidal CO2 measurement provides an accurate estimation of PaCO2 in mechanically ventilated patients. Its use may reduce the need for invasive monitoring and/or repeated arterial blood gas analyses.}, keywords = {Blood Gas Analysis,Carbon dioxide,Artificial Respiration}, url = {https://archtrauma.kaums.ac.ir/article_62096.html}, eprint = {https://archtrauma.kaums.ac.ir/article_62096_470e09845f6d13ceecc07cad952acf64.pdf} } @article { author = {Fazel, Mohammad Reza and Fakharian, Esmaeil and Mahdian, Mehrdad and Mohammadzadeh, Mahdi and Salehfard, Ladan and Ramezani, Maryam}, title = {Demographic Profiles of Adult Trauma During a 5 Year Period (2007-2011) in Kashan, IR Iran}, journal = {Archives of Trauma Research}, volume = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {63-66}, year = {2012}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2251-953X}, eissn = {2251-9599}, doi = {10.5812/atr.6770}, abstract = {Background Trauma, in addition to mortality and disability experienced by an individual, imposes direct and indirect economic and social costs on a community. Traditionally, trauma is a disease of young and middle age adults, an age group which is known to be the most dynamic and economically productive of the community. Increasing our knowledge concerning the etiology and patterns of trauma seems to be the most profitable and accessible way to prevent injuries of this nature. Objectives This study was designed to evaluate the epidemiology of adult trauma in Kashan, Iran. Patients and Methods The current study used a retrospective cross-sectional approach, enrolling all trauma adults (20 - 60 y) admitted to the Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Kashan, between 2007 and 2011. Age, gender, place of residence, work status, educational level, urban/rural location of the accident, method of transportation to hospital, injured body areas of the victims and therapeutic interventions, were extracted from the data registry and analyzed through descriptive statistics using SPSS software. Results A total of 22 564 patients were included in this study. Mean age of the victims was 33.18 ± 10.90 years and the male/female ratio was 4:1. Most of the victims were manual workers (61%), and they had completed primary and junior high school level education (49.4%), they were also more likely to be residents of urban areas (88.6%). Regarding the place of injury, most accidents occurred on city streets (43.8%). Approximately 40% of the total victims were transferred to the hospital by emergency medical services (EMS). During the study period, 260 deaths were recorded and among these, 76% were related to traffic accidents. Conclusions Regarding the high prevalence of trauma found in manual workers with low educational levels and motorbike users, the establishment of an integrated program aimed at improving public knowledge on the use of safety and protective measures in work environments should be implemented. The use of safety protective equipment by cyclists, motorbikers and car passengers should also be enforced.}, keywords = {adult,Epidemiology,Wound and Injury}, url = {https://archtrauma.kaums.ac.ir/article_62097.html}, eprint = {https://archtrauma.kaums.ac.ir/article_62097_7a564107c5641c4833f11666b4d2cec1.pdf} } @article { author = {Dehghani, Rouhullah and Rabani, DavarKhah and Panjeh Shahi, Morteza and Jazayeri, Mehrdad and Sabahi Bidgoli, Mohammd}, title = {Incidence of Snake Bites in Kashan, Iran During an Eight Year Period (2004-2011)}, journal = {Archives of Trauma Research}, volume = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {67-71}, year = {2012}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2251-953X}, eissn = {2251-9599}, doi = {10.5812/atr.6445}, abstract = {Background Snake bites are one of the significant health problems in the tropical and subtropical regions. Snake bite is a common medical emergency in Iran, and the epidemiological features and management of such cases vary from region to region. Objectives This present research study was conducted to obtain new information about the epidemiology of snake bites in the region of Kashan, located in the central part of Iran. Patients and Methods This research was a descriptive retrospective study. Data from 2004 to 2011 of snakebite cases were collected from case reports. Information included; age and sex of the victim, district, month of incident, mortality, and time of bite. Results The results of this study showed that the majority of snake bite patients were male (96%). The age distribution of patients indicated that the greatest rate of snake bites occurred among the 15-24 year old group. Data collected in this study revealed that the highest incidence of snake bite cases took place in summer (60%) and the lowest number occurred in winter, with no snake bite cases being recorded. The peak number of snakebite cases was seen during June-September. Conclusions It was concluded that snake bite cases in Kashan are similar to other areas in Iran from an epidemiological point of view, including; age distribution rates, gender and site of the bites. The existence of Macrov ipera lebetina, a dangerous venomous snake, can cause a range of clinical effects among residents in central parts of Iran, such as Kashan area.}, keywords = {Snakes,Bites and stings,venoms}, url = {https://archtrauma.kaums.ac.ir/article_62098.html}, eprint = {https://archtrauma.kaums.ac.ir/article_62098_b3fa7f58a3dd3333b62df4cfe11d243f.pdf} } @article { author = {Ghannaee Arani, Mohammad and Fakharian, Esmaeil and Sarbandi, Fahimeh}, title = {Ancient Legacy of Cranial Surgery}, journal = {Archives of Trauma Research}, volume = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {72-4}, year = {2012}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2251-953X}, eissn = {2251-9599}, doi = {10.5812/atr.6556}, abstract = {Cranial injury, as it is known today, is not a new concern of modern medicine. On stepping on the earth, the man was in reality encountered with various types of injuries, particularly those of a cranial nature. Leading a life, whether wild or civilized, has always been associated with injuries for human race from the very beginning of birth. Therefore, managing cases of this type has gradually forced him to establish and fix strategies and approaches to handle the dilemma. This study is thus focused on tracing the first documented traumatized cranial cases ever reported, ranging from those trials attributed to our ancient predecessors to the identical examples in the present time.}, keywords = {Wound and Injuries,Ancient History,Trephining}, url = {https://archtrauma.kaums.ac.ir/article_62099.html}, eprint = {https://archtrauma.kaums.ac.ir/article_62099_0a71dc7720f6f0ce6b48c3d86e0bc770.pdf} } @article { author = {Hosseinpour, Mehrdad and Abdollahi, Azadeh and Jazayeri, Hoda and Talari, Hamid and Sadeghpour, Ahmad}, title = {Omental Torsion After Repeated Abdominal Blunt Trauma}, journal = {Archives of Trauma Research}, volume = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {75-78}, year = {2012}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2251-953X}, eissn = {2251-9599}, doi = {10.5812/atr.6881}, abstract = {Omental torsion is caused by the rotation of the greater omentum on its axis which may lead to tissue infarction and necrosis. It is a rare cause of acute abdomen. Signs, symptoms and paraclinical data are not specific. The patients usually undergo laparotomy for acute abdomen of poorly defined origin. High index of suspicious is required for the diagnosis of this entity. The diagnosis is usually confirmed after an explorative laparotomy. We present clinical characteristics and imaging findings of omental torsion in a young man following repeated blunt abdominal trauma.}, keywords = {Acute Abdomen,Greater Omentum,Trauma,Omental Torsion}, url = {https://archtrauma.kaums.ac.ir/article_62100.html}, eprint = {https://archtrauma.kaums.ac.ir/article_62100_246b286415b3069ca599b7d7b83bdf1b.pdf} } @article { author = {Zheng, Cheng Jie and Wu, Albert and McClenaghan, Fiona and Ee, Gerard and Ho, Rachel and Khan, Abdul Ahad and Shamim, Muhammad Shahzad}, title = {Effect of Gabapentin on Morphine Consumption and Pain after Surgical Debridement of Burn Wounds: A Double-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial Study}, journal = {Archives of Trauma Research}, volume = {1}, number = {2}, pages = {79-80}, year = {2012}, publisher = {Kashan University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2251-953X}, eissn = {2251-9599}, doi = {10.5812/atr.6612}, abstract = {}, keywords = {Burns,gabapentin,Morphine,Debridement,Opioid Analgescics,Pain}, url = {https://archtrauma.kaums.ac.ir/article_62101.html}, eprint = {https://archtrauma.kaums.ac.ir/article_62101_6d95434bfa071aa60f0d0a8cb75e1830.pdf} }